Surface material: Generally, non-woven fabric or cotton material is used to ensure comfort and breathability.

Absorbent material: Generally, polymer absorbent materials, such as SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer), are used to quickly absorb and lock menstrual blood and keep the surface dry.

Leak-proof layer: materials such as polyethylene or polyurethane are used to avoid menstrual blood leakage.

Tape: Used to secure sanitary napkins on underwear, usually with hot melt adhesive.